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WarRin Protocol: A point-to-point anonymous privacy communication system

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Dr.WarRin

www.bitcointalk.org

Summary

This white paper provides an explanation of the WarRin protocol and related blockchain, point-to-point, network value, transport protocol, and encryption algorithms. The limited space will highlight the WRC allocation scheme and purpose of the WarRin Protocol Token, which is important for achieving the WRC’s stated objectives.  This white paper is for informational purposes only and is not a promise of final implementation details. Some details may change during the development and testing phases. 

1.  Introduction

Traditional centralized communication systems such as WeChat,WhatsApp, FacebookMessage,Google  Allo,Skype face a range of problems, including government surveillance, privacy breaches, and inadequate security, and the WarRin protocol proposes apoint-to-pointencrypted communications system that leveragesblockchain technology, combined  with Double Ratc het algorithms, pre-keys, and extended X3DH handshakes. The WarRin Protocol uses The Generalized Directional Acyclic Graph  and Curve25519,AES-256,  and HMAC-SHA256  as the pronamor, allowing each account to have its own unique account chain, providing unlimited instant communication between points and unlimited scalability, anonymity, integrity, consistency, and asynchronousness. 

2. WarRin Protocol communication system

2.1 Two types of communication

The Waring Protocol communication system divides chat channels into two types.

Image

Two modes of communication

  • General Chat mode: Using point-to-point encrypted communication, the service side has access to the key and can log in via multiple devices. 
  • Secret Chat mode: Encrypted communication using point-to-point can only be accessed through two specific devices. 

The design combines some of the advantages of raiBlocks    multi-chain construction with IOTA/Byteball  DAG, which we call the Waring protocol. With improvements, we have given the WarRin protocol greater throughput and faster processing power while ensuring the security of the ledger, and network nodes can store the ledger in less space and search their communications accounts quickly in the ledger.  When two users communicate, third parties contain content that neither manager can access. When a user is chatting in secret, the message contains multimedia that can be designated as a self-destruct message, and when the message is read by the user, the message is automatically destroyed within the specified time. Once the message expires, it disappears on the user’s device. 

2.2 How chat history is encrypted

2.2.1 MTProto  Transport Protocol

Image

MTProto transport protocol

The WarRin communication system draws on RaiBlocks’ multi-chain structure for point-to-point communication. Each account has its own chain that records the sending and receiving behavior of the account. For example, in Figure 1,   there are 7  accounts, each with 7 chain records of the account sending and receiving communications. On the graph, horizontal coordinates represent the timeline, and portrait coordinates represent the index of the account. 

Transferring information from one account to another requires two transactions: one to send a communication from the sender’s transfer content, and one to receive information to add that content to the content of the receiving account. Whether in a send-side account or a receiving account, a PoW proof of work with the previous communication content Hash is required to add new communications to the account.  In the account chain, poWwork proves to be an anti-spam communication tool that can be done in seconds. In a single account chain, the Hash field of the previous block is known to pre-generate the PoW required for subsequent blocks. Therefore, as long as the time between the two communications is greater than the time required to generate the PoW, the user’s transaction will be completed instantaneously. 

In such a design, only the receiving end of the communication is required for settlement. The receiving end places the received communication signature on the account chain, which is called accepted communication. Once accepted, the receiving end then broadcasts the communication to the ledger of the other nodes. However, there may be situations where the receiving end is not online or is subject to a DoS   attack, which prevents the receiving end from putting the receiving side communication on the account chain, which we call uncommoted transactions. The X symbol in Figure 1 represents an open transaction sent from Account 2 to Account 5.  

Image

Obviously, because only the sending and receiving sides of the communication are required to settle, such communication is very lightweight, all traffic can be transmitted in a UDP package and processed very quickly. At the same time, all communications in an account are kept in one chain, with great integrity, and the ledger can be trimmed to a minimum. Some nodes are not interested in spending resources to store the full communication history of the account;   They are only interested in the current communications for each account. When an account communicates, its accumulated information is encoded, and these nodes only need to keep track of the latest blocks so that historical data can be discarded while maintaining correctness. Such communication is only possible if the sending and receiving sides trust each other and are not the final settlement of the entire network consensus. There is a security risk in the absence of trust on the sending and receiving ends, or in situations where the receiving end is attacked by DoS without the sender’s knowledge. 

We have observed that although each account has a separate chain, the entire ledger can be expressed in the form of a WarRin object. As shown in Figure 2, this is represented by the WarRin astros trading on all accounts in Figure 1.  

Image

The first unit in the WarRin object is the Genesis unit, the next six cells represent the allocation of the initial token, and the other units correspond to the communication transactions between the account chains. We use the symbol a/b to represent a communication transaction, where the sender is a andthe recipient is b. The last  4/1 unit in Figure 2 is the last communication corresponding to Figure 1  – sending communication from account 4 to account 1. A transaction in Figure 1 is a confirmation of the latest block or the latest communication on the account chains of both parties to the communication, reflected in Figure 2 as a reference to the latest units of the account chains of both parties to the communication. Take unit 4/1, for example, where the latest  block on account 4 was the receiving block for 2/4  trades and the newest block on  account 1 was the send block for 1/5 trade. So on the DAG, the 4/1 cell refers to the 2/4 cell and the 1/5 cell. 

The WarRin protocol uses triangular shrapned storage technology to crack impossible triangles in the blockchain through the shrapghine technology, with extensive node engagement and decontalination  while maintaining high throughput and security:

  • Complete shraping of blockchain status;
  • Secure and low-cost cross-synth trading;
  • Completely random witness selection;
  • Flexible and efficient configuration

Complete decentralization ensures absolute security and scalability of the standard chain.

(Figures   above show seven Ling-shaped objects:2/1 one;3/2  one… )

2.2.2 Curve25519 Elliptic Curve Encryption Algorithm

Curve25519,  proposed by Daniel Bernstein, is anelliptic  curve algorithm for the exchange of The Montgomery Curve’s Difi Herman keys. 

Montgomery Curve Curve Mathematical Expression: 图片图片

Curve25519 Curve Mathematical Expression:图片

Curve25519  encryption     algorithms are    图片 used for standard private and public keys, and the private keys used for Curve25519  图片 encryption algorithms are typically defined as secret 图片 indices, corresponding to 图片public  keys, coordinate points, which are usually sufficient to perform ECDH (elliptical) and symmetrical  elliptic curve encryption algorithms. If one party wants to send information to the other party and the other party has the 图片 public 图片and private keys, perform the following 图片calculation:

Generate a one-time random secret 图片图片   图片 index, calculated using Montgomery, because the message is a symmetrical password encrypted using 256-bit  sharing, such as AES  using a 256-bit integer 图片 one-time public key,  as akey, and 256-bit integer is a 图片prefix to encrypted information. Once a party to   图片图片图片the public 图片key receives this message, it can start by calculating , that is ,图片the receiver recovers the shared secret and 图片is able to decrypt the rest of the information. 

3. Incentives

On the basis of the WarRin agreement, by adding the incentive layer, we can effectively avoid the whole network being attacked and eliminate spam. As long as honest nodes control most of the calculations, for an attacker, the network is robust because of its simplicity of structure, and nodes need little coordination to work at the same time. They do not need to be authenticated because information is not sent to a location. 

3.1 WRC Certificate

WRC issued a total of 2,500,000 pieces and continued to increment according to the WoRin gain function. 

3.1.1 WoRin Gain Function

Image
Image

3.1.2 WoRin gain function control table

The WoRin gain function is compared to the table
Number of layers /F Growth factor /I WRC circulation
[1,50] 0.002 334918.8057
[51,100] 0.002 780024.2108
[101,150] 0.004 1177129.617
[151,200] 0.006 1487860.923
[201,250] 0.01 1722637
[251,300] 0.016 1894309.216
[301,400] 0.03 2101623.789
[401,500] 0.06 2217555.464
[501,1000] 0.1 2450712.257
[1001,2000] 0.12 2557457.3

According 图片to the Gain function, the 图片larger the number of layers, 图片the greater the growth rate, the faster each layer is filled, and the 图片greater the circulation. 

3.2 Allocation

Image

WarRin protocol node distribution

3.2.1 Node allocation

Set the initial price  图片  图片图片to 0.02,the layer where the first node is located is , according to the equation of the iso-difference column, there is , so that the 图片node token is assigned to the piece, for the price of 图片 the layer where the node 图片is located, there is a 图片图片set. 

For example, the number of tiers in which the  98th  node is located is Tier 13,  and the price of Tier 13 is 0.214,the tokens assigned by Tier 98 are 图片

3.2.2 Total number of address assignments

Each node occupies one address, and the total number of 图片addresses is

4. The use

WRC is the native pass-through of the WarRin protocol, andWRC will assign to Genesis nodes according to the above allocation scheme, which together form the entire network, andWRC can be used in the following scenarios, including but not limited to:

Pay the network’s gas charges, i.e. for transferring money and invoking smart contracts;

System Staking tokens, used for node elections and token issues;

The capital is lent to the validator in exchange for the amount of the reward;

Voting rights for system proposals;

The means of payment for apps developed  on WoRin Services;

WoRin Storage is a means of payment on the decentralization storage;

WoRin DNS domain name and WoRin  WWW website means of payment;

WoRin Proxy agents hide the means of payment for body and IP addresses;

WoRin Proxy penetrates payment methods reviewed by local ISPs

……

5. Conclusions

Metcalfe’s Law states that thevalue of a network is equal to the square of the number of nodes within the network, and that the value of the network is directly related to the square of the number of connected users. That is 图片( the 图片value factor, the number of 图片users.)  That is, the greater the number of users on a network, the greater the value of the entire network and each computer within that network. The WarRin protocol also follows this law, and when the number of nodes reaches a certain level, the entire network becomes more robust. 

References

[1] K. Birman, Reliable Distributed Systems: Technologies, Web Services and

Applications, Springer, 2005.

[2] V. Buterin, Ethereum: A next-generation smart contract and de- centralized

application platform, https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper,  2013.

[3] M. Ben-Or, B. Kelmer, T. Rabin, Asynchronous secure  computa-  tions  with

optimal resilience, in Proceedings of the thirteenth annual ACM symposium on

Principles of distributed computing, p. 183–192. ACM, 1994.

[4] M. Castro, B. Liskov, et al., Practical byzantine fault tolerance, Proceedings of the

Third Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (1999), p. 173–

186, available at http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf.

[5] EOS. IO, EOS. IO technical white paper,

https://github.com/EOSIO/Documentation/blob/master/TechnicalWhitePaper.md,

2017.

[6] D. Goldschlag, M. Reed, P. Syverson, Onion Routing for  Anony-  mous  and

Private Internet Connections, Communications of the ACM, 42, num. 2 (1999),

http://www.onion-router.net/Publications/CACM-1999.pdf.

[7] L. Lamport, R. Shostak, M. Pease, The byzantine  generals  problem, ACM

Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 4/3 (1982), p. 382–401.

[8] S. Larimer, The history of BitShares,

https://docs.bitshares.org/bitshares/history.html, 2013.

[9] M. Luby, A. Shokrollahi, et al.,  RaptorQ  forward error correction scheme for

object delivery, IETF RFC 6330, https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6330,  2011.

[10] P. Maymounkov, D. Mazières,  Kademlia: A peer-to-peer  infor-  mation  system

based on the XOR metric, in IPTPS ’01 revised pa- pers from the First International

Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems, p. 53–65, available at

http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/~petar/papers/ maymounkov-kademlia-lncs.pdf, 2002.

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Epsom Dental Care Applecross: A Leading Dentist Prioritising Patient Convenience with Flexible Dental Service Hours

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Applecross, WA – Epsom Dental Care Applecross, a staple in the community for exceptional dental care, continues to prioritise patient convenience by maintaining flexible service hours. Serving the local areas, Epsom Dental Care, the local dentist in Applecross, is dedicated to making dental health more accessible and manageable for all patients, regardless of their busy schedules.

The clinic’s flexible hours are designed to accommodate a wide array of patient needs, making it easier for everyone, from working professionals and busy parents to students and seniors, to receive timely dental care. Epsom Dental Care Applecross offers appointments during weekdays, including early mornings and late evenings, addressing the community’s need for adaptable and accessible dental services.

At Epsom Dental Care Applecross, flexibility in scheduling goes hand-in-hand with a comprehensive array of dental services. The clinic covers everything from routine general dentistry, such as exams, cleanings, and fillings, to more specialised treatments, including cosmetic enhancements, orthodontic adjustments, and restorative procedures. This broad spectrum of services ensures that patients can address all their dental health needs under one roof, with the added convenience of flexible timing.

For those unexpected dental issues, the clinic is also prepared to handle emergencies promptly. The availability of dental emergency services further underscores the clinic’s commitment to being there for its patients when they need it most, providing urgent care that is both swift and effective.

At Epsom Dental Care Applecross, the commitment to professional service extends beyond routine procedures and into every interaction with patients. The team of skilled dentists not only performs treatments but also takes the time to offer professional advice on maintaining optimal oral health. They educate patients on the best practices for dental care, including proper brushing techniques, flossing, and the importance of regular check-ups to prevent dental issues before they develop. This dedication to education ensures that patients are well-informed about their dental health, which empowers them to make better decisions and maintain excellent oral health.

The dentists at Epsom Dental Care Applecross are deeply committed to upholding the highest standards of the dental profession, providing personalised recommendations that cater to the individual needs of each patient.

The ongoing commitment to flexible hours reflects Epsom Dental Care Applecross’s dedication to patient-centred care. By adjusting their schedule to better fit the lives of their patients, the clinic ensures that receiving dental care does not have to disrupt daily routines or add unnecessary stress.

About Epsom Dental Care Applecross:

Located in Applecross, WA, Epsom Dental Care Applecross is known for its high standard of dental care and professional integrity. The clinic’s team of experienced dental professionals is committed to providing the community with top-quality dental services, tailored to each patient’s unique needs. Focused on comfort and convenience, Epsom Dental Care Applecross continues to be a preferred choice for comprehensive dental care in the region.

Media Contact

Name
Epsom Dental Care Applecross
Contact name
Dr Raghavendra Polineni
Contact phone
(08) 9316 0555
Contact address
729 Canning Hwy
City
Applecross
State
WA
Zip
6153
Country
Australia
Url
https://epsomdentalapplecross.com.au/

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Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling: Premier Peru HVAC Repair Contractors

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Peru, IN – As a leading provider in the HVAC industry, Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling is recognized for its exceptional repair services and comprehensive solutions for both heating and cooling systems. Known among the top Peru HVAC repair contractors, the company offers residents a reliable source for all their HVAC needs, ensuring comfort throughout the seasons.

Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling‘s repair services cater to both heating and cooling systems, addressing common and complex issues alike. From furnace repairs during the harsh Indiana winters to air conditioning fixes in the sweltering summer months, the skilled technicians ensure systems run efficiently and effectively. The team is equipped to handle a variety of HVAC problems, including mechanical wear and tear, electronic malfunctions, and airflow issues, ensuring that each repair extends the system’s lifespan and enhances overall performance.

Understanding the critical nature of heating systems in Indiana, Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling provides extensive services that go beyond repairs. The company offers heating system installation, ensuring that new systems are perfectly sized and optimized for each home. Regular maintenance and detailed inspections are also part of the service roster, which help prevent unexpected failures and maintain efficiency during the coldest months.

When it comes to cooling, Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling excels in the installation and maintenance of air conditioning systems. Their proactive services ensure that AC units are prepared to handle the summer heat, with regular maintenance checks, including refrigerant level inspections, system calibration, and cleaning of condenser coils. These services not only improve the longevity and efficiency of the cooling systems but also help reduce energy consumption and utility bills.

The installation services offered by Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling are tailored to meet the specific needs of each household or business. By considering factors such as space dimensions, insulation levels, and overall system requirements, Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling ensures optimal setup for new HVAC systems.

As a HVAC contractor committed to excellence, Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling’s dedication to quality service and customer satisfaction has made it a trusted name in Peru, Indiana.

For those in Peru looking for reliable HVAC solutions, Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling offers unmatched expertise and a commitment to ensuring homes or businesses remain comfortable year-round.

About Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling:

Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling has been serving the Peru, Indiana community for many years, consistently delivering top-notch HVAC services, including heating and cooling repairs, installations, and maintenance. Renowned for its professionalism and a customer-first approach, the company prides itself on employing certified technicians who bring expertise and diligence to every job. Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling is committed to offering affordable, reliable, and timely solutions that ensure optimal indoor comfort and efficiency for all their clients. Their dedication to excellence and customer satisfaction has made them a preferred choice for HVAC services in the area.

Media Contact

Name
Summers Plumbing Heating & Cooling
Contact name
Travis Mount
Contact phone
260-305-5764
Contact address
2589 S Business 31
City
Peru
State
IN
Zip
46970
Country
United States
Url
https://summersphc.com/peru/

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New Cheltenham Location for Victoria’s Leading Dentist, Captivate Dental: A Modern Hub for Family-Oriented Dental Services

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Cheltenham, VIC – Captivate Dental is pleased to announce the opening of its new, fully equipped clinic at 36 Chesterville Rd in Cheltenham. This move is part of its ongoing commitment to providing exceptional dental care in a comfortable and welcoming environment for families throughout the region.

At its new location, Captivate Dental continues to offer a full range of dental services tailored to meet the needs of every family member, from the youngest to the oldest. Their services include routine dental checkups, teeth cleaning, fillings, orthodontics, and advanced dental treatments such as dental implants and cosmetic dentistry.

In addition to standard dental care services, Captivate Dental specialises in preventative care and education to help families maintain optimal oral health. The clinic’s team of skilled dental professionals takes an individualised approach to dental care, ensuring personalised treatment plans that are specifically designed to meet the unique needs of each patient.

The new Captivate Dental clinic embodies cutting-edge dental technology and amenities that prioritise patient comfort and enhance treatment outcomes. With its spacious treatment rooms equipped with the latest dental technology, and a soothing clinic atmosphere, Captivate Dental’s new facility is designed to transform dental visits into positive experiences for all patients.

Beyond its aesthetic and comfort-focused features, the new facilities at Captivate Dental underscore the clinic’s dedication to sustainability and innovation. The clinic incorporates energy-efficient lighting, uses eco-friendly dental practices, and follows strict waste reduction protocols. These efforts demonstrate Captivate Dental’s commitment to environmental stewardship and community responsibility.

Accessibility is central to the design of the new Captivate Dental clinic. The facility is easily accessible and offers ample parking, ensuring that all patients can access top-tier dental care easily and comfortably. This thoughtful consideration is part of Captivate Dental’s commitment to removing barriers to healthcare and fostering an inclusive environment for everyone in the community.

In an effort to make dental care as convenient as possible, Captivate Dental also offers flexible payment options and collaborates with numerous insurance providers. This ensures that more families in Cheltenham can receive quality dental care without financial strain.

Looking forward, Captivate Dental plans to continue expanding its range of services to include more advanced specialty treatments and technologies. By continuously updating the practice with the latest advancements in dental care, its team ensures that its patients receive the most current and effective treatments available.

Captivate Dental, Dentist in Cheltenham, invites all current and prospective patients to visit its new location and discover how its family-focused dental services can help achieve and maintain optimal dental health.

About Captivate Dental:

Captivate Dental is a leading family dental clinic located in Cheltenham, VIC. Known for its comprehensive approach to oral health, the clinic offers a wide range of dental services designed to meet the needs of families and individuals. With a focus on patient comfort and satisfaction, Captivate Dental strives to provide a positive dental experience for all patients. The clinic’s new premises at 36 Chesterville Road highlight its commitment to enhancing service accessibility and improving patient care through advanced technology and a patient-centric approach.

Media Contact

Name
Captivate Dental
Contact name
Dr. Gareth Lewell
Contact phone
(03) 9553 1249
Contact address
36 Chesterville Road
City
Cheltenham
State
VIC
Zip
3192
Country
Australia
Url
https://captivatedental.com.au/

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